Mission Archive

ESA · 2023

Sun–Earth L2

An ESA mission mapping the shapes and distances of billions of galaxies across a third of the sky, to study dark matter and dark energy.

NASA/ESA/CSA · 2021

Sun–Earth L2

Infrared space telescope located at the Sun-Earth L2 point.

DLR/Roscosmos · 2019

Sun–Earth L2

A Russian-German X-ray observatory at the Sun–Earth L2 point, built to survey the whole sky. The German eROSITA telescope was switched to safe mode in February 2022; the Russian ART-XC telescope continues to observe.

ESA · 2013

Sun–Earth L2

An ESA mission that measured the positions, distances and motions of nearly two billion stars to build the most precise three-dimensional map of the Milky Way.

ESA · 2009

Sun–Earth L2

ESA's far-infrared observatory, which carried the largest mirror flown in space at the time. It studied how stars and galaxies form from cold gas and dust.

ESA · 2009

Sun–Earth L2

An ESA mission that mapped the cosmic microwave background in greater detail than any before it, giving the most precise measurements of the age and contents of the Universe.

NASA · 2001

Sun–Earth L2

The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, which mapped the cosmic microwave background from the Sun–Earth L2 point. It fixed the age of the Universe at about 13.8 billion years and measured its mix of ordinary matter, dark matter and dark energy.